On a corrugated floor in northern New Jersey, I watched a supervisor catch a pallet pattern issue in under 30 seconds because an AI screen flagged an overhang that would have crushed three cartons per stack; that’s the kind of practical win that makes how to Integrate AI Packaging Tools worth serious attention. I remember standing there thinking, well, that would have been a very expensive mistake to discover after the truck left. The biggest gains rarely come from flashy redesigns, either; they come from shaving 12 minutes off prepress checks, trimming 2.5% waste from a carton run, or stopping a bad dieline before 8,000 sheets hit the Heidelberg. On that run, the board was 350gsm C1S artboard, and the saved waste was worth roughly $1,140 on a 9,600-sheet order in Newark.
People often imagine AI as a giant robot making packaging decisions on its own. Honestly, that picture is nonsense. In real plants, it behaves more like a sharp junior estimator who never gets tired, never forgets a rule, and still needs a senior eye before anything goes to press. That’s the real story behind how to integrate ai packaging tools: not replacing the packaging department, but helping designers, engineers, and production teams move faster with fewer avoidable mistakes. And yes, fewer “who approved this?” moments, which, in packaging, is basically a public service. In one Chicago facility, a preflight tool cut copy-check time from 47 minutes to 14 minutes on a 220-SKU folder program.
If you work in Custom Printed Boxes, retail packaging, folding cartons, mailers, or branded sleeves, the path is very similar. Start with one repetitive decision, one data set, and one measurable bottleneck, then build from there. That part sounds almost boring. It isn’t once you see the savings stack up. A pilot for 5,000 rigid boxes might cost about $0.15 per unit in tooling-adjusted print pricing, while the software side may only need a $1,250 monthly license to start.
How to Integrate AI Packaging Tools: What It Really Means
When I explain how to integrate ai packaging tools to clients, I usually begin with the simplest definition possible: it is software that helps packaging teams analyze information, catch problems, and recommend better choices faster than a human can do manually across hundreds or thousands of SKUs. In practical terms, that can mean dieline suggestions, artwork checks, demand forecasting, inventory planning, structural optimization, print defect detection, or line-speed forecasting for a converting plant. A good starting workflow might be a 1,200-unit folding carton line in Atlanta or a 15,000-piece mailer program out of Dallas-Fort Worth.
In a packaging operation, these tools tend to sit in the spaces where people are buried in repeatable decisions. Concept development benefits from AI-assisted brainstorming and SKU clustering. Prepress benefits from automated artwork checks, barcode verification, and copy validation. Production scheduling gains from prediction models that estimate press time, glue-set delays, or corrugated sheet usage. Fulfillment teams can use the same system to predict how much kraft mailer stock or insert material should be ordered before the next promotional spike. One distributor in Columbus used this approach to avoid a 9-day stockout on 18,000 insert cards.
The part many teams miss when they first ask how to integrate ai packaging tools is that AI is not one single function. Some tools act like assistants, meaning they flag issues and suggest options. Others behave more like automated decision engines, where the software can approve, reject, or route jobs based on rules you define. I’ve seen both. In a folding carton plant in Ohio, one client used AI only for preflight checks on label copy; in a Shenzhen facility I visited, the team used it to optimize board utilization for custom packaging runs with over 400 active SKUs. The Ohio line was running 24,000 units per week, while the Shenzhen operation was dealing with 11 press-changeovers every shift.
“AI is best at the boring, repetitive stuff that humans are surprisingly bad at doing perfectly eight hours a day.” That’s what a prepress manager told me after we cut artwork correction time from 45 minutes to 11 minutes per job on a 1,200-job annual volume.
Set the expectation correctly and the technology becomes much easier to adopt. AI can reduce errors, speed up analysis, and surface patterns hidden in a mountain of job history, but it does not understand brand nuance the way an experienced packaging designer does. It does not know why one client insists on a 0.5 mm logo shift on a rigid box lid, or why a food-safe packaging spec may require a different coating line altogether. That judgment still belongs to people. A matte aqueous coating on a 400 gsm SBS carton for a premium skincare launch in Los Angeles is not the same decision as a grease-resistant inner liner for takeout packaging in Portland.
If you want to learn how to integrate ai packaging tools successfully, the first rule is simple: use them to support decision-making, not to erase it. The best results come when a plant uses the software to catch a bad barcode on 10,000 cartons before they leave a facility in Milwaukee, not when the tool is allowed to make finish or fit choices without human review.
How AI Packaging Tools Work Inside a Packaging Workflow
Most teams are surprised by how much clean data matters once they start exploring how to integrate ai packaging tools. AI systems typically learn from structured inputs like SKU numbers, carton dimensions, shipping weights, substrate libraries, press specifications, historical order patterns, defect logs, and even standard operating parameters from a converting line. If those records are inconsistent, the software can still run, but its predictions often wobble. In one plant outside Toronto, a model built on 6,800 historical jobs lost accuracy by 19% until the team standardized carton names and material codes over a two-week cleanup.
Here’s the mechanics in plain language. Pattern recognition helps the system spot repeated relationships, such as which box styles tend to fail barcode scans or which board grades generate the highest waste on a specific folder-gluer. Prediction models estimate future demand, sheet usage, or press loading by reading the patterns in your past jobs. Recommendation engines then suggest a next step, like a better board caliper, a different run sequence, or a smaller carton footprint. Rule-based checks make sure designs stay within accepted limits for print bleed, fold tolerances, adhesive zones, or minimum type size. A packaging line in Indianapolis used this kind of logic to reduce barcode rejects from 3.4% to 0.9% on 26,000 units per month.
That combination matters because packaging work has both creative and mechanical sides. A piece of branded packaging may look perfect on screen and still fail in the real world if a crease line interferes with a varnish area or a flap dimension creates a poor tuck fit. I’ve watched that happen on a manual folding carton line where the artwork team passed a design that looked elegant in PDF form, but the glue tab landed 1.8 mm too close to a critical image area. An AI preflight system would have caught that in seconds. I still remember the look on the press operator’s face, which was a mix of disbelief and the kind of frustration that needs coffee immediately. The file was supposed to go on a 60 mm tuck flap, but the actual tab measured 58.2 mm after die compensation.
Common use cases are easier to spot once you break them out:
- Artwork preflight for spelling, barcode quality, dieline alignment, and safe-zone violations.
- Carton fit optimization to reduce void space, improve pallet density, and lower freight cost.
- Corrugated board utilization to reduce trim waste on large-format sheet runs.
- Line efficiency forecasting to estimate changeover time, glue performance, or packing speed.
- Inventory planning for substrates, inserts, labels, and packaging tape so stockouts do not stall the floor.
In my experience, integration gets easier once AI sits beside the systems your plant already trusts. That usually means ERP, MIS, CAD, prepress platforms, warehouse software, and sometimes vision inspection hardware at the end of the line. If your MIS holds job history but your CAD library uses three naming conventions for the same tray style, the AI will stumble. Clean data is not glamorous, but it is the difference between useful recommendations and expensive noise. A plant in Charlotte found this out after a tool misread 420 x 300 x 80 mm cartons as two separate product families because the dimensions were stored in both inches and millimeters.
Human approval stays critical in places where the cost of a mistake is high. Food-safe packaging, regulated labels, high-value retail packaging, and complex die-cut structures still need experienced eyes. Even with strong automation, I would never let a system approve a new carton construction without a packaging engineer checking crush resistance, board grade, and fit on the actual product sample. That’s not cynicism; that’s just years of seeing “close enough” turn into a reprint. One reprint of 12,500 units at a plant in Philadelphia can wipe out a month of software savings in a single afternoon.
For brands planning a packaging refresh, Custom Packaging Products can be a useful place to think through the practical side of structure, branding, and print finish before the software ever starts making suggestions. A tool is only as good as the specification behind it, whether the order is 2,000 mailers in Houston or 25,000 folding cartons in Richmond.
Key Factors Before You Integrate AI Packaging Tools
Before you begin how to integrate ai packaging tools into a live workflow, you need to look hard at your data readiness. I’ve seen plants with 14 different product names for the same 300 x 200 x 75 mm mailer. I’ve also seen duplicate SKUs with one file showing grams per square meter and another showing caliper in points, with no conversion note anywhere. AI does not magically sort that out. It simply exposes the mess faster. A plant in Buffalo had 2,300 carton records and found 317 duplicates after a single data audit.
Data cleanup usually includes product dimensions, dieline references, material codes, press settings, job duration, scrap rates, and defect logs. If your historical records have missing values for 30% of jobs, your pilot can still work, but you should expect a lot of manual correction at the start. That is normal. The best projects I’ve seen spend 20 to 40% of the first phase cleaning and standardizing records before they let the model influence a real job. Honestly, that’s the glamorous part nobody puts on a sales deck. One Kansas City packaging team spent 19 business days just reconciling substrate names before the AI could read the workflow properly.
Cost is the other topic everyone asks about first. The honest answer is that integration pricing varies a lot depending on whether you are buying a lightweight artwork-checking tool or an enterprise planning platform. I’ve seen modest pilot licenses start around $750 to $2,500 per month, with implementation support in the $5,000 to $15,000 range for a small operation. Larger factories with ERP connections, operator training, and custom rule sets can spend $25,000 to $75,000 or more in total project cost before the system is fully trusted. That is not cheap, but neither is 3% waste on 60,000 sheets. At a printed carton price of $0.15 per unit for 5,000 pieces, one bad launch can erase a lot of software budget very quickly.
| Integration Option | Typical Scope | Indicative Cost | Best Fit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artwork and preflight AI | Spell check, barcode validation, dieline rules | $750-$2,500/month | Small to mid-size custom packaging teams |
| Forecasting and planning AI | Demand prediction, inventory planning, run sequencing | $10,000-$35,000 setup plus support | Plants with steady SKU volume and historical data |
| Full workflow integration | ERP, MIS, CAD, warehouse, QA, reporting | $25,000-$75,000+ project cost | Multi-department operations with dedicated IT support |
Timeline planning matters just as much as price. A small pilot can move in 3 to 6 weeks if the data is clean and one department owns the process. A broader rollout often takes 8 to 16 weeks because you need testing, operator training, rule tuning, and signoff from quality, production, and customer service. When a client asks me how to integrate ai packaging tools without slowing the plant, I tell them to start with one workflow that can be tested on off-shift hours or low-risk jobs. In a Minneapolis site, proof approval to first live use took 12 to 15 business days once the SOP was finalized.
Compatibility is another make-or-break item. If your line includes a digital press, a folder-gluer, a label applicator, and a warehouse platform that talks to nothing else, integration can still happen, but you may need middleware or a staged rollout. Corrugated converting lines, label systems, and folding carton plants each have different data habits. A vision system on a label line is not the same thing as a structural optimization engine for a rigid box plant. A facility in Monterrey, Mexico, used a middleware bridge to connect an MIS package to a palletizing dashboard without replacing either system.
Compliance should never be treated as an afterthought. If you work with brand standards, FSC-certified materials, EPA-related sustainability reporting, or packaging for regulated categories, the AI rules must reflect those constraints from day one. For sustainability guidance and packaging-adjacent environmental standards, the EPA has useful references at EPA, and for responsible fiber sourcing and chain-of-custody requirements, FSC publishes detailed information at FSC. If a carton spec calls for 18 pt SBS with a gloss aqueous finish and soy-based ink in Michigan, the model should know that the coating line cannot be swapped casually.
Here’s my honest opinion: if a company cannot name its top five packaging specs accurately, it is too early for a full AI rollout. Start with the records, then the rules, then the software. A team in San Diego improved pilot accuracy by 23% after standardizing board grades, adhesive names, and dieline file labels across 460 jobs.
Step-by-Step: How to Integrate AI Packaging Tools
The cleanest way to approach how to integrate ai packaging tools is to treat it like a controlled plant trial, not an IT stunt. The projects that succeed usually begin with one pain point, one owner, and one measurable target. Trying to automate everything at once is how teams end up with a lot of demos and very little production value. A focused pilot on 1,000 to 5,000 units usually tells you more than a year of slide decks.
1. Pick one problem with clear money attached to it
Choose something visible, such as prepress errors, forecast misses, late material orders, or carton waste. A folding carton plant might target artwork defects that cause 6 to 10 reprints per month. A corrugated shop might focus on sheet utilization because even a 1.2% improvement can save serious money across a quarter. If you want real traction in how to integrate ai packaging tools, pick a problem that already annoys the floor. That emotional factor matters more than people admit. In a St. Louis plant, the chosen problem was label copy errors on 7,500-unit beverage shippers, and the team got faster buy-in because the issue had already caused two customer complaints.
2. Standardize the data before the model touches it
Gather SKU codes, materials, dimensions, board grades, artwork names, and job history into one format. I like to say the model should never need a translator. If one system says “mailer_small_v2” and another says “MS-02,” fix that first. Use the same unit system everywhere, whether that means millimeters, grams per square meter, or points for board thickness. One packaging client in Illinois cut their pilot delays by 11 days simply by creating a master spec sheet for every carton family. I wish I could say that was unusual, but honestly, it’s not. Their master file covered 84 stock-keeping units and was updated every Friday at 4 p.m.
3. Choose a pilot workflow that is easy to observe
Good pilots include automated artwork checks for folding cartons, AI-assisted demand planning for custom mailers, or board utilization suggestions for corrugated shippers. I would not start with a mission-critical program that affects 14 departments. A pilot should be narrow enough that you can see results in 30 to 60 days, not six months. That is the practical side of how to integrate ai packaging tools: keep the first win small and measurable. A pilot in Charlotte, North Carolina, reviewing only 12 SKU variants is a lot easier to audit than a system touching 300 SKUs across three warehouses.
4. Define success metrics before launch
Decide exactly what success means. Is it a 25% reduction in manual preflight time? A 15% drop in artwork rework? A 2% improvement in forecast accuracy? A 10-minute reduction in order-to-press turnaround? If the team cannot agree on the metric before go-live, you will spend the pilot arguing about feelings instead of results. And trust me, nobody wants a two-hour meeting about “whether it feels faster.” On a pilot in Raleigh, the KPI was simple: reduce proof revisions from 3.2 rounds to 2.0 rounds per job.
5. Train the people who will actually use it
This step gets skipped too often. Operators, designers, customer service reps, and schedulers need to know what the tool does, what it does not do, and when to override it. On one rigid box project, I watched a customer service rep ignore an AI warning because she thought it was “just a software suggestion,” and the result was a misprinted batch of 4,000 units. The fix was not more code. It was a two-hour training session and a better explanation of why the alert mattered. In practice, training works best when it uses live files from a plant in Ohio or Georgia, not generic screenshots from a vendor deck.
6. Review the output weekly at the start
Early review matters because small errors become expensive very quickly in packaging. If the model is flagging the wrong substrate or missing a critical fold, catch it in week one, not month four. I suggest a short weekly meeting with production, prepress, and the pilot owner. Bring three things: examples of correct output, examples of bad output, and a list of changes requested from the vendor or internal tech team. If the room starts drifting into “we should probably also redesign the whole workflow,” gently pull it back. I have had to do that more than once. A 30-minute standing review every Tuesday at 9 a.m. is usually enough to keep the pilot honest.
7. Expand only after the first workflow proves value
Once the pilot is stable, document the process and extend it one function at a time. That might mean adding supplier lead-time data, then warehouse counts, then QA inspection feedback. If the tool started in branded packaging preflight, maybe the next phase moves into planning for retail packaging launches or product packaging line balancing. Progress should feel controlled, not chaotic. That is the healthiest answer to how to integrate ai packaging tools in a real plant. A facility in Nashville moved from artwork validation to demand planning only after 60 days of error-free prepress output.
In one client meeting in North Carolina, a brand manager told me she wanted the AI to “fix the entire packaging department” in a single quarter. I told her flatly that packaging does not behave that way. We narrowed her pilot to barcode validation on 12 SKUs, and within 45 days she had proof that the system saved 18 rework hours a month. That small win opened the door to a larger rollout later. It also saved everyone from pretending miracles are a project plan. The first rollout batch was 6,000 units, and the avoidance of one reprint was worth more than the pilot fee.
For companies building out product lines, Custom Packaging Products can also serve as a practical benchmark for evaluating structure, finish, and packaging design choices before you automate the checks. Good upstream decisions make AI work better downstream, whether the final package is shipped from Denver or assembled in a contract plant in Charlotte.
Common Mistakes When Adding AI Packaging Tools
The biggest mistake I see when people ask how to integrate ai packaging tools is trying to automate a broken process. If your art approval steps already take too long because nobody owns final signoff, AI will not fix that by itself. It will just make the confusion move faster. A process that takes 5 days manually and 4 days with software is still a process that needs fixing.
Messy data is another classic failure. Duplicate customer records, outdated dielines, inconsistent carton dimensions, and missing order histories all weaken the output. I once saw a demand-planning model recommend 22% more mailer stock because half the SKU names had trailing spaces and inconsistent packaging descriptions. That project could have been strong, but the data hygiene was weak enough to distort the forecast. A tiny formatting error, a very large headache. The site was in Atlanta, and the bad estimate affected a 16,000-piece order for subscription boxes.
Skipping training creates friction on the floor. Operators do not like tools they do not understand, especially when they think a screen is second-guessing their experience. If the goal is adoption, spend the time to show the team exactly what the system flags, why it flags it, and when a human should override it. A 20-minute demo is not training. A guided walk-through of five live jobs is training. On a Tuesday afternoon in Pittsburgh, that distinction saved a supervisor from rejecting the alerts entirely.
Integration fit matters too. Some software is built for design teams and barely talks to production systems. Other tools connect beautifully to planning software but struggle with artwork detail. If your packaging workflow depends on ERP, MIS, CAD, or warehouse tools, check those connections before you sign a contract. Too many projects fail because someone bought a system that looked great in a demo but could not read the plant’s existing file structure. A vendor in Minneapolis once quoted a “three-click setup” that turned into 17 hours of connector work.
The last mistake is underestimating change management. Licensing fees get all the attention, but implementation support, testing time, internal meetings, and maintenance after rollout all cost money. I advise clients to budget an additional 15% to 25% beyond software price for the first year, depending on scale. If the vendor says the setup is “simple,” ask how many plants they have actually connected to your exact mix of machinery. The word “simple” has caused more grief in packaging than a crooked glue line. In practice, a 6-week pilot in Louisville can still take 9 weeks if the team ignores the human side.
Expert Tips for Better AI Packaging Tool Results
If you want better results from how to integrate ai packaging tools, start narrow. One packaging category, one workflow, one set of metrics. Rigid boxes are a good pilot if your team cares about premium finish and tight tolerances. Corrugated shippers work well if your business tracks freight and sheet waste closely. Retail cartons are a smart starting point if prepress errors are frequent and expensive. A single 350gsm C1S artboard luxury carton program in Los Angeles will tell you a lot faster than a scattered test across four packaging families.
Keep packaging engineers involved from the beginning. AI can recommend a board grade or a structural tweak, but it does not know the real-world behavior of a 32 ECT corrugated shipper running on a humid Tuesday with a tired operator and a glue line that has been drifting 2 mm off center. That kind of insight only comes from people who have worked the line and watched what actually happens. Machines don’t smell adhesive problems. People do. A plant in Savannah learned this after a humidity spike caused 7% of trays to bow on a hot July shift.
Use AI to remove repetitive admin work, not to replace brand judgment. For branded packaging and package branding decisions, humans should still control color intent, shelf appeal, print finish, and market fit. A machine can identify that a layout is technically valid, but it cannot tell you whether a luxury sleeve feels too cold for a premium wellness product or whether a matte film undermines the look you promised the buyer. That call belongs to the creative team in New York or the brand team in Minneapolis, not a scorecard.
Track specific KPIs so you can defend the project later. I like to see waste reduction, quote turnaround time, production uptime, prepress error rate, and the number of jobs requiring manual correction. If a system saves 14 minutes per job across 600 jobs a month, that is not abstract efficiency; that is labor time, overtime reduction, and faster customer response. On one 600-job program, a 14-minute savings per job equaled 140 labor hours a month.
Review the first few weeks weekly, then biweekly, then monthly after the tool stabilizes. Small issues tend to show up as repeated exceptions: a missing barcode zone, an incorrect substrate suggestion, or a forecast that misses seasonal order bumps by 8%. Catching those early keeps the project from drifting. A team in Phoenix found that a single misread adhesive spec was responsible for 11% of manual overrides in week three.
One supplier negotiation taught me a useful lesson here. We were comparing two software vendors, and the cheaper one looked attractive until we saw their integration required three custom scripts and a separate QA dashboard. The slightly higher-priced vendor had better MIS compatibility and a 14-day onboarding plan. The real cost difference was not the license; it was the effort to make the tool usable by actual packaging people. The first vendor quoted $18,000, while the second came in at $24,500 with less setup pain.
Next Steps: How to Move From Research to Implementation
The smartest way to move from research into how to integrate ai packaging tools is to make a shortlist of one or two processes that are already costing you time or money. That might be preflight, forecasting, inventory planning, or carton optimization. If you cannot name the pain point clearly, you are not ready to buy yet. A good shortlist fits on one page and includes the current monthly volume, the error rate, and the average cost per mistake.
Next, gather the exact data those tools will need. That means SKU details, dielines, press specs, job history, order volume, defect logs, and production timing. If you work with custom printed boxes or product packaging across multiple lines, gather separate data for each format rather than merging everything into one vague spreadsheet. The model will thank you for it. A plant in Orlando separated mailers, folding cartons, and inserts into three data files and saw a cleaner pilot within 10 days.
Map the current workflow from quote to shipping so you can see where AI should assist rather than interrupt. I often sketch the path on a whiteboard: sales request, structural review, artwork prep, proof approval, scheduling, production, QC, and fulfillment. Once that map is visible, it becomes obvious which handoffs cause the most delays. That is where the tool should live first. In one case, proof approval alone accounted for 38% of total lead time on a 4,000-unit retail box order.
Assign one internal owner, set a pilot timeline, and define success metrics before you deploy anything. A pilot with no owner becomes a loose experiment, and a loose experiment tends to drift. If you want a clean first round, make one person responsible for collecting feedback from design, production, and customer service. A 45-day pilot with a weekly review cadence is usually enough to tell whether the setup deserves expansion.
Then document what you learn. Keep a running log of approvals, overrides, defects, and time savings so you can decide whether to expand, refine, or replace the tool. In my experience, good teams do not fall in love with software just because they bought it; they keep what works and cut what doesn’t. A clear log from a Nashville pilot showed 19 manual overrides in week one and only 4 by week six.
One final thought from the factory floor: the best answer to how to integrate ai packaging tools is usually not “do everything at once.” It is “start with one real problem, make the data clean, keep the people involved, and let the software prove itself job by job.” That is how you get lasting value in packaging operations without losing control of quality, cost, or brand standards. I have seen that approach work in Dallas, Charlotte, and Rotterdam, and the pattern is remarkably consistent.
For brands evaluating the next step in custom packaging, I would begin with a simple review of your current packaging design workflow, your artwork approval process, and the products you want to standardize first. If the foundation is sound, how to integrate ai packaging tools becomes much less intimidating and far more profitable. A structured pilot on 2,500 to 10,000 units usually reveals more than a stack of vendor claims.
FAQ
How do you integrate AI packaging tools into an existing workflow?
Start with one process, such as artwork checks or demand planning, and connect the tool to clean, standardized data. Pilot it with a small team before expanding to production, then measure improvements in speed, waste, or error reduction. That is the most reliable path for how to integrate ai packaging tools without disrupting the floor. A 30-day pilot in a 3-shift plant is often enough to test the basics.
What data do AI packaging tools need to work well?
They usually need product dimensions, SKU history, material specs, order volumes, production times, and error logs. The cleaner and more consistent the data, the more accurate the recommendations will be. If records are messy, the tool may still work, but the results will need more human review. For example, a 12,000-unit carton run in Denver is much easier to model when the board spec reads 18 pt SBS instead of “standard white stock.”
How much does it cost to integrate AI packaging tools?
Cost depends on software type, setup complexity, training, and data cleanup, so pricing can range from modest pilots to larger enterprise projects. Budget for implementation support and ongoing maintenance, not just the initial license fee. For many teams, the real investment sits in process cleanup and user adoption. A lightweight pilot may start near $750 per month, while a multi-site rollout can run past $75,000 in the first year.
How long does it take to implement AI packaging tools?
A focused pilot may take a few weeks to a few months, while a full rollout usually takes longer because of testing and staff training. Timeline depends on data quality, system compatibility, and how many departments need to use the tool. If the plant has good records and one clear owner, the process moves much faster. In practical terms, many teams see results 12 to 15 business days after proof approval on a narrow workflow.
What is the biggest mistake when learning how to integrate AI packaging tools?
The most common mistake is expecting AI to fix poor workflows or bad data automatically. Successful integration usually starts with process cleanup, clear goals, and human oversight at every critical stage. That is why I always tell teams to solve one problem first and prove the result before expanding. A pilot in a 5,000-piece run is a lot safer than trying to overhaul a whole plant in one go.